Project Abstract

This project explores the potential of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, transition-metal dichalcogenides, and atomically-thin crystalline metals, to advance quantum optics and quantum information. In particular, TIQI’s objective is to overcome limitations in current quantum optical experiments using metal plasmonics, which suffer from significant losses. Plasmons are oscillations of free electrons in a material that can couple with light, leading to enhanced optical properties. 2D materials offer an alternative plasmonic platform with more confined plasmonic modes, resulting in stronger nonlinear enhancements and longer-lived plasmons with less energy loss. However, working with these materials presents its own challenges, including the need to generate and detect light in specific spectral ranges, and to manufacture high-quality nanostructures in new material platforms.
 
We will use advanced laser systems and innovative plasmonic nanostructures to enhance nonlinear interactions in specific spectral regions. By carefully characterizing these plasmonic modes, we will design structures to support long-lived propagating plasmons. We will also investigate nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation, four-wave mixing, and spontaneous down-conversion. Finally, we will utilize the relaxation of phase-matching constraints to achieve ultra broadband entangled photon pair generation with 2D materials.
 
The anticipated outcomes of our project include efficient 2D-material-based plasmonic devices which can realize novel quantum optical effects. This will provide insights into light-matter interactions at the nanoscale and guide future quantum technology design in a manner that can be readily scaled up to more complex devices. TIQI's potential impact is significant, as it could develop next-generation quantum devices with unparalleled performance, revolutionizing secure communication, information processing, and sensing.